Metal Stamping Die
The main materials for metal stamping dies include carbon tool steel, low-alloy tool steel, high-strength matrix steel, and high-speed tool steel. There are various types of molds, each with its own characteristics in terms of performance. Each type of mold has different working conditions.
Metal stamping dies are also known as hardware stamping molds or custom stamping die. Metal stamping die refers to the use of a die fixed on a punch or press to apply specified pressure to metal or non-metallic materials, resulting in material separation or forming, to obtain components that meet dimensional standards and appearance quality requirements. Dies mainly serve the automotive and aerospace industries. The size and shape of the components processed by this technology are consistent, and it also has advantages such as high production efficiency, high precision of the product, and fast manufacturing speed. The material utilization rate of metal stamping dies is relatively high, and the technical personnel are relatively simple to operate. The technical requirements are not very difficult.
Metal Stamping Dies Materials
The performance of metal stamping materials is closely related to manufacturing, and their performance directly affects many factors, mainly including machining design, workpiece quality, component usage time, and manufacturing precision. When selecting materials, technicians should pay attention to whether the materials meet the specified requirements, so that the products produced will have high quality. The basic requirements for materials in the manufacturing of metal stamping molds mainly include:
Basic requirements for materials
- Has Good Stamping Forming Performance
For the forming process, such as stretching, bending, segment difference, convex hull, etc., the material should have good stamping forming performance, that is, good resistance to cracking, good adhesion and shaping, otherwise the product is prone to deformation, cracking, etc., causing difficulties in mold repair. For the separation process, it is required that the material has a certain degree of plasticity.
- Has High Surface Quality
The surface of the material should be smooth and flat, without defects or damage. Materials with good surface quality are not easy to break or scratch the mold during molding, and the surface quality of the parts is also good.
- The Thickness Tolerance of Materials should comply with National Standards
Because a certain mold gap only applies to materials within a certain thickness range, if the material thickness tolerance is too large; Not only does it directly affect the quality of the parts, but it may also lead to the emergence of waste products. In the process of correcting bending, shaping, etc., it is possible to cause damage to the mold or press due to excessive thickness deviation.
Metal Stamping Dies Material Selection
- Common Materials for Metal Stamping Dies
The most commonly used materials in stamping production are metallic (including ferrous and non-ferrous metals), but sometimes non-metallic materials are also used. Among them, black metals mainly include ordinary carbon structural steel, high-quality carbon structural steel, alloy structural steel, carbon tool steel, stainless steel, electrical silicon steel, etc; Nonferrous metals mainly include pure copper, brass, bronze, aluminum, etc; Nonmetallic materials include cardboard, laminated board, rubber board, plastic board, fiberboard, and mica.
The supply status of metal materials for stamping is generally various specifications of sheet and strip materials. Sheet metal can be used for the production of engineering molds, strip material (coil material) can be used for the production of continuous molds, and can also be used for the production of engineering molds. The size of the sheet metal is relatively large and can be used for stamping large parts. It can also be cut into strips according to the layout size and used for stamping small and medium-sized parts; The strip material (also known as roll material) has various specifications of width, and the unfolded length can reach several tens of meters. It is supplied in rolls and is suitable for automatic feeding in continuous mold mass production.
- Reasonable Selection of Metal Stamping Dies Materials
The selection of stamping materials should consider the requirements for the use of stamping parts, stamping process requirements, and economic efficiency.
(1) Reasonably Select Materials According to the Usage Requirements of Stamped Parts
The selected material should enable the stamped parts to function properly in the machine or components and have a certain service life. Therefore, the selected material should meet the corresponding strength, stiffness, toughness, corrosion resistance, and heat resistance requirements according to the usage conditions of the stamped parts.
(2) Reasonably Select Materials According to Stamping Process Requirements
For any type of stamped part, the selected material should be able to form a qualified product that is stable and does not crack or wrinkle according to its stamping process requirements. This is the most basic and important material selection requirement. For this, the following methods can be used to select materials reasonably.
① Test Run. Based on past production experience and possible conditions, select several sheet materials that can meet the requirements of stamping parts for trial punching, and finally choose one with low scrap rate and no cracking or wrinkling. This method yields more intuitive results but has a greater degree of blindness.
② Analysis and Comparison. Based on analyzing the deformation properties of stamping, the maximum deformation degree during stamping forming is compared with the allowable limit deformation degree of sheet metal stamping forming performance, and based on this, the sheet metal suitable for the stamping process requirements of this type of part is selected.
In addition, there is also a distinction between cold-rolled and hot-rolled plates of the same grade or thickness. In China’s domestic plate production, thick plates (t>4mm) are hot-rolled plates, while thin plates (t<4mm) are cold-rolled plates (there are also hot-rolled plates). Compared with hot-rolled plates, cold-rolled plates have precise dimensions and small deviations,
Less surface defects, brighter, denser internal structure, and better stamping performance. (Note: t generally represents thickness in molds, for example, the thickness of templates and materials can be represented by t.)
(3) Reasonably Select Materials According to Economic Requirements
The selected materials should be as cost-effective, easily sourced, and cost-effective as possible while meeting the requirements of performance and stamping technology, to reduce the cost of stamping parts.
Types of Metal Stamping Dies
- Blanking Dies
Blanking dies, also known as cutting dies, are among the most fundamental types of metal stamping dies. Their primary function is to cut or shear metal sheets into desired shapes or patterns. These metal stamping dies consist of a punch and a die, with the punch being the upper component that descends onto the metal sheet, while the die serves as the lower component, providing a cavity or opening for the punch to pass through.
- Forming Dies
Forming dies, as the name suggests, is designed to shape and contour metal sheets or strips into specific three-dimensional forms. These dies typically consist of multiple components, including a punch, die cavity, and various inserts or cam surfaces that guide the metal material into the desired shape.
- Draw Dies
Draw dies are specialized tools used in the deep drawing process, where a flat metal sheet is transformed into a cup-like or cylindrical shape. This process involves multiple stages, with the metal sheet being gradually drawn into the die cavity through a series of progressive die operations.
- Compound Dies
Compound dies, also known as combination dies, are versatile tools that combine multiple operations into a single die. These dies are designed to perform a sequence of operations, such as blanking, forming, and trimming, in a single stroke or cycle.
- Progressive Dies
Progressive dies are a specialized type of compound die that progressively performs a series of operations. These dies consist of multiple stations or stages, each responsible for a specific operation, such as blanking, piercing, forming, or trimming.
- Transfer Dies
Transfer dies are complex and highly specialized tools used in the production of intricate and precise metal components. These dies are designed to perform multiple operations simultaneously, with the workpiece being transferred between different die stations or positions within the die set.
- Coining Dies
Coining dies are specialized tools used for imparting intricate designs, patterns, or textures onto metal surfaces. These dies apply immense pressure to the metal, causing plastic deformation and creating a permanent impression or embossing on the material.
- Trim Dies
Trim dies, also known as trimming dies or shaving dies, are designed to remove excess material from previously formed or stamped metal components. These dies are typically used as a secondary operation after the initial forming or drawing process.
In the ever-evolving landscape of metal fabrication, the diverse range of metal stamping dies continues to play a crucial role in shaping and transforming raw materials into functional and visually appealing components. From blanking and forming to drawing and coining, each type of die serves a specific purpose, enabling manufacturers to meet the demanding requirements of various industries with precision, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness.
As technology advances and new materials emerge, the development of innovative die designs and manufacturing techniques will undoubtedly continue to push the boundaries of what is possible in the realm of metal stamping. By understanding the unique characteristics and applications of these specialized tools, manufacturers can unlock new possibilities and achieve unprecedented levels of quality, productivity, and innovation in the metal fabrication industry.
Metal stamping dies are tools that use metal materials for processing. There are many methods for processing, mainly including stamping, cutting, bending, forming, and other processing methods. The purpose of using these processing methods is to process the metal raw materials into specified sizes and shapes in the future. Metal stamping dies are the most commonly used tools in the manufacturing industry, which play a significant role in directly affecting the quality of products and the production efficiency of workpieces. BOOLING metal stamping dies provide efficient production capacity and cost reduction for industries such as automobiles, home appliances, electronics, and aerospace.
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